Europe is famous for its universal healthcare, but the way coverage is funded and delivered differs enormously from one country to the next.

Three broad models

Some countries, like the United Kingdom and the Nordics, run tax-funded national health services. Others, such as Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland, rely on mandatory insurance — public, private or a blend.

What expats need to know

Newcomers, including Indian professionals relocating for work, are usually required to take out health insurance from day one. In Switzerland, for example, basic coverage is compulsory and must be arranged within three months of arrival.

The golden rule for any newcomer: sort out your health cover before you need it.

Comparing premiums, deductibles and what each plan actually covers can save thousands of euros a year — and a great deal of stress.